Assessing Operational and Investment Efficiency in the Greek Dairy Industry: A DEA-Based Composite Model

Abstract

This study evaluates the efficiency of Greek dairy industry enterprises using a two-stage approach with Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The production model analyzes inputs such as personnel, net fixed assets, and operating expenses in relation to outputs like revenues and gross profits, while the investment model examines capital and investment management, assessing inputs such as depreciation and investment expenses against investment returns and EBITDA. The results reveal significant efficiency differences among the enterprises, with a small percentage achieving full efficiency and serving as benchmarks, while many firms display considerable room for improvement, particularly in resource management and investment strategies. Slack analysis identifies areas where excessive inputs can be reduced without affecting output, while the integration of the production and investment models highlights the need for better alignment between these two aspects of efficiency. The findings highlight opportunities for improvement through targeted resource management, sustainable practices, and collaboration within the sector. Policymakers are encouraged to support these efforts through incentives, funding tools, and the promotion of clusters. These insights provide actionable recommendations to enhance competitiveness, foster innovation, and ensure the sustainable development of the Greek dairy industry.