Advanced empirical research based on structural equation modeling (SEM) regarding the impact of tax revenue on GDP dynamics at EU-28 level
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47743/saeb-2021-0017Keywords:
taxation, structural equation modeling (SEM), economic growth, fiscal policy, GDP, regression analysisAbstract
The main objective of this empirical study is to investigate the impact of tax revenue on GDP dynamics at EU-28 level based on structural equation modeling (SEM). We applied structural equation modeling (SEM) which represents a multivariate statistical analysis technique used especially for analyzing structural relationships between measured variables and latent structures. Selected taxes are the following: environmental taxes, indirect taxes, social contributions, taxes on capital, taxes on labour, taxes on property, and direct taxes. The sample period includes a long time horizon during 2005-2017 for each member states of EU-28. Our empirical findings revealed the level of taxation exhibits an increased influence on GDP dynamics in case of EU-28 member states.
JEL Codes - C3; E62; O47; O52References
Arnold, J. M., 2008. Do Tax Structures Affect Aggregate Economic Growth?: Empirical Evidence from a Panel of OECD Countries. OECD Economics Department Working Papers, 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/236001777843
Asllani, G., and Statovci, B., 2018. Effect of the Change in Value Added Tax on the Fiscal Stability of Kosovo. Croatian Economic Association Zagreb, 656, 513-540. http://dx.doi.org/10.32910/ep.69.4.4
Auerbach, A. J., and Smetters, K. A., 2017. The economics of tax policy: Oxford University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190619725.001.0001
Babatunde, O. A., Ibukun, A. O., and Oyeyemi, O. G., 2017. Taxation revenue and economic growth in Africa. Journal of Accounting and Taxation, 9(2), 11-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JAT2016.0236
Bojuwon, M., Abidoye, M. K., and Agbaje, A. G., 2017. The application of structural equation modeling on the usage of online tax system among self-employed taxpayers in Nigeria. Osogbo Journal of Management OJM, 22, 18-36.
Castro, G. A., and Camarillo, D. B. R., 2014. Determinants of tax revenue in OECD countries over the period 2001-2011. Contaduria y Administracion, 593, 35-59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0186-1042(14)71265-3
Catoiu, I., Orzan, M., Macovei, O. I., and Iconaru, C., 2014. Modelarea increderii utilizatorilor in retelele de socializare online. Amfiteatru Economic, 16(35), 257-271.
Chigbu, E., Akujuobi, L., and Appah, E., 2012. An Empirical Study on the Causality between Economic Growth and Taxation in Nigeria, Current Research. Journal of Economic Theory, 42, 29-38.
Cleophas, T. J., and Zwinderman, A. H., 2015. Structural Equation Modeling SEM with SPSS Analysis of Moment Structures Amos for Cause Effect Relationships in Pharmaco dynamic Studies II 35 Patients Machine Learning in Medicine - a Complete Overview: Springer. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15195-3_49
Cohen, J., 1988. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale: Erlbaum.
Cohen, J., 1992. A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 155-159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155
Cooper, G., 1994. The benefit theory of taxation. Australian Tax Forum, 114, 397-509.
Cortina, J. M., 1993. What is coefficient alpha? An examination of theory and applications. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 781, 98-104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.78.1.98
Easterly, W., and Rebelo, S., 1993. Fiscal policy and economic growth. Journal of Monetary Economics, 323, 417-458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3932(93)90025-B
European Commission, 2019. The EU’s economic governance explained. ECB Economic Bulletin, (2). https://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/economic-bulletin/focus/2019/html/ecb.ebbox201902_07~347d73fa31.en.html.
Gale, W. G., and Samwick, A. A., 2014. Effects of Income Tax Changes on Economic Growth. The Brookings Institution by a grant from the Peter G. Peterson Foundation.
Gashi, B., Asllani, G., and Boqolli, L., 2018. The Effect of Tax Structure in Economic Growth. International Journal of Economics and Business Administration, VI(2), 56-67. http://dx.doi.org/10.35808/ijeba/157
Gignac, G. E., and Szodorai, E. T., 2016. Effect size guidelines for individual differences researchers. Personality and Individual Differences, 102, 74-78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.06.069
Gius, M. P., and Frese, P., 2002. The Impact of State Personal and Corporate Tax Rates on Firm Location. Applied Economics Letters, 9(1), 47-49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504850110046859
Goss, E. P., and Phillips, J. M., 1994. State Employment Growth: The Impact of Taxes and Economic Development Agency Spending. Growth and Change, 25(3), 287-300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2257.1994.tb00145.x
Haas, J. S., D'Erman, V. J., Schulz, D. F., and Verdun, A., 2020. Economic and fiscal policy coordination after the crisis: Is the European Semester promoting more or less state intervention? journal of European Integration, 423, 327-344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07036337.2020.1730356
Hair, J. F. J., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., and Sarstedt, M., 2014. A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM): Sage Publications.
Hayat, M. A., Ghulam, H., Batool, M., Naeem, M. Z., Ejaz, A., Spulbar, C., and Birau, R., 2021. Investigating the Causal Linkages among Inflation, Interest Rate, and Economic Growth in Pakistan under the Influence of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Wavelet Transformation Approach. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 14(6), 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14060277
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., and Sinkovics, R. R., 2009. The use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing Advances in International Marketing (Vol. 20, pp. 277-319): Emerald Publishing Limited. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S1474-7979(2009)0000020014
Hulland, J., 1999. Use of partial least squares PLS in strategic management research: A review of four recent studies. Strategic Management Journal, 202, 195-204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199902)20:23.0.CO;2-7
Judd, K., 1985. Redistributive Taxation in a Simple Perfect Foresight Model. Journal of Public Economics, 28(1), 59-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-2727(85)90020-9
Khumbuzile, D., and Hlalefang, K., 2018. The impact of Taxation on Economic Growth in South Africa. MPRA, 86219. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/86219.
Kotlan, I., Machova, Z., and Janickova, L., 2011. The impact of the building on long-term economic growth. Vliv zdaneni na dlouhodoby ekonomicky rust. Political economy. Politicka Ekonomie, 59(5), 638-658.
Kwong-Kay Wong, K., 2013. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling PLS-SEM Techniques Using SmartPLS. Marketing Bulletin, 24(1), 32.
Lapatinas, A., Kyriakou, A., and Garas, A., 2019. Taxation and economic sophistication: Evidence from OECD countries. PLoS One, 14, e0213498. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213498
Lee, Y., and Gordon, R. H., 2005. Tax structure and economic growth. Journal of Public Economics, 895(6), 1027-1043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2004.07.002
Macek, R., 2015. The Impact of Taxation on Economic Growth: Case Study of OECD Countries. Review of Economic Perspectives, 14(4), 309-328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revecp-2015-0002
McNemar, Q., 1946. Opinion-attitude methodology. Psychological Bulletin, 43, 289-374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0060985
Myles, G. D., 2000. Taxation and Economic Growth. Fiscal Studies, 211, 141-168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-5890.2000.tb00583.x
Nayak, S., Kumar, V. S. G., Mendon, S., Birau, R., Spulbar, C., Srikanth, M., and Doaga, I. D., 2021. The effects of government expenditure on sustainable economic growth in India: Assessment of the circular economy. Industria Textila (Bucuresti), 72(1), 74-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/IT.072.01.1791
Pearl, J., 2000. Causality, Reason, and Inference: Cambridge University Press.
Pribeanu, C., 2012. Un model formativ de masurare a valorii motivationale a unei aplicatii educationale bazate pe realitate îmbogatita. Revista Romana de Interactiune Om-Calculator, 5, 13-18.
Rigdon, E. E., and Marcoulides, G. A., 1998. Structural equation modeling Modern methods for business research (pp. 251-294): Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
Romero, D., and Strauch, R., 2008. Publice Finance on long-term growth in Europe: Evidence from panel data analysis. European Journal of Political Economy, 24, 172-191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2007.06.008
Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., Ramayah, T., and Ting, H., 2018. Convergent Validity Assessment of Formatively Measured Constructs in PLS-SEM: On Using Single-Item versus Multi-Item Measures in Redundancy Analyses. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 3011, 3192-3210.
Seward, T., 2008. The Impact of Taxes on Employment and Economic Growth: Evidence from the Industrialized countries. MPRA, 16574. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16574/.
Shuai, X., and Chmura, C., 2013. The Effect of State Corporate Income Tax Rate Cuts on Job Creation. Business Economics (Cleveland, Ohio), 48(3), 183-193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/be.2013.21
Solow, R. M., 1956. A Contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 70(1), 65-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1884513
Spulbar, C., Tenea, A. C., Stanciu, C. V., and Birau, R., 2020a. Is there a common path for the integration of European Union banking systems? Ekonomska Istrazivanja, 33(1), 399-419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2019.1700386
Spulbar, C., Trivedi, J., and Birau, R., 2020b. Investigating abnormal volatility transmission patterns between emerging and developed stock markets: A case study. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 21(6), 1561-1592. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2020.13507
Stiglitz, J. E., 2010. Taxation in Developing Countries. Six Case Studies and Policy Implications: Columbia University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/gord14862
Stoilova, D., 2016. Tax structure and economic growth: Evidence from the European Union Sistema fiscal y el crecimiento economico: evidencia de la Union Europea. Contaduria y Administracion, 62, 1041-1057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cya.2017.04.006
Swan, T. W., 1956. Economic Growth and Capital Accumulation. Economic Record, 32(63), 334-361.
Tanzi, V., and Zee, H. H., 2000. Tax Policy for Emerging Markets: Developing Countries. National Tax Journal, 53(2), 299-322.
Trivedi, J., Spulbar, C., Birau, R., and Mehdiabadi, A., 2021. Modelling volatility spillovers, cross-market correlation and co-movements between stock markets in European Union: an empirical case study. Business, Management and Economics Engineering, 19(1), 70-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bmee.2021.13588
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 SCIENTIFIC ANNALS OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
All accepted papers are published on an Open Access basis.
The Open Access License is based on the Creative Commons license.
The non-commercial use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License as currently displayed on https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives license, the author(s) and users are free to share (copy, distribute and transmit the contribution) under the following conditions:
1. they must attribute the contribution in the manner specified by the author or licensor,
2. they may not use this contribution for commercial purposes,
3. they may not alter, transform, or build upon this work.